A balding, middle-aged man said something dumb about breastfeeding on TV last week.
Furious mums turned out in the force outside Channel 7?s studios in Martin Place, juggling bubs on their chests. As is their right.
But while this was happening, there was another protest underway.
You just wouldn?t have heard a whole lot about this one. That?s because there was no rally. No public outcry. No TV cameras.
It?s a demonstration that many women participate in everyday. The only difference being that it is a silent and solitary protest.
Their protest is less a demonstration than a plea: Stop hurting me.
An astonishingly high number of Aussie women will be assaulted or sexually abused in their lifetimes. One in three, figures furnished by the White Ribbon Foundation say.
This violence stems from the sexism of whole communities.
Of blokes who say ?she deserved? it over sinking a few schooners; even of some deeply conservative religious groups that refuse to approve of women divorcing their husbands if they beat them, or force women to marry people they do not love.
The victims of this violence are wives, mothers, sisters, daughters. Even Jill Meagher was one of them.
Every disaster, like Jill?s, hurts. We all felt for Jill. My heart broke then, last year, when my girlfriend said after the killing: ?Great, I?m just going to end up in a bag somewhere.?
One violence expert I talked to yesterday compared Australia?s reaction to violence against women with the recent spate of mass shootings in the United States.
?Every time, people talk about there being tipping points, or that community reaction feels different this time ? or maybe they?re just desperately hopeful this time?s going to be different,? said Greg Aldridge, the co-director of the Canberra Men?s Centre.
The violence keeps happening though. For instance, the number of domestic violence deaths in WA more than doubled last year.
David Koch said something that I reckon wasn?t overly well thought out.
But he?s just a guy. As a guy who is known to say dumb things in conversation with friends all the time, I can sympathise.
Now that the dust on the breastfeeding debate has settled, what we should really all be getting angry about isn?t some media storm in a teacup.
Kochie - White Ribbon ambassador, dad of four - isn?t the real face of sexism.
The real face of sexism is a battered one. Even a dead one. And every time that happens to one of our women - that?s what should be getting us howling, every day of the week.
Lohan. (Weir Photos/Splash News)Lindsay Lohan really does have an excuse for everything.
Although a judge made it crystal clear that it was mandatory she appear in a Santa Monica court on Wednesday for a pre-trial hearing about her misdemeanor case for lying to police about her June 2012 car accident, she?s now claiming she?s too sick to fly cross-country from New York City.
According to TMZ, Lohan?s new attorney, Mark Jay Heller, submitted documents informing the judge his client is suffering from an upper respiratory infection, and even included a January 11 article from The New York Post reporting that the flu epidemic has hit Manhattan.
Just one problem with Lohan?s claim: On Saturday, she was photographed shopping up a storm in SoHo ? with a cigarette dangling out of her mouth ? which is probably not the best medicine for an infection in your lungs, right?
This is also not the first time the ?Liz & Dick? actress has used this excuse. Before filming began on ?Scary Movie 5? in September, Lohan claimed she had the same illness ? yet once producers threatened her with breach of contract, she miraculously recovered.
It should also be noted that in the New York Times expose on Lohan and her shenanigans on the set of her upcoming bomb, ?The Canyons,? the 26-year-old had a doctor come to the set after she partied all night with Lady Gaga and showed up hours late to work. His diagnosis: an inner-ear infection ? and his prescription was for her to go home and not work that day. ?That?s her doctor, he?ll say whatever she wants,? the director, Paul Schrader, told the Times? reporter. ?I shot one day from a stretcher. She could do it, but she doesn?t want to.?
According to TMZ, if Lohan does not, in fact, show up in court tomorrow, the judge could issue a warrant for her arrest. If she does, it wouldn?t be the first time for Lohan. In May 2010, Judge Marsha Revel issued a warrant after the actress claimed her passport had been stolen while she was in Cannes, France, and therefore could not make it back to California for a mandatory hearing. ?There's really no valid excuse,? the judge said at the time. ?Probation is revoked, and the court is going to issue a warrant. I could not have been more clear as to the importance of the hearing ? She has a history of not keeping appointments.?
And nearly three years later, that history continues.
Lohan?s publicist deferred all legal questions to Heller, who did not return omg!?s call for comment on his client?s health.
Jan. 28, 2013 ? A popular dog treat could be adding more calories than pet owners realize, and possibly be contaminated by bacteria, according to a study published this month by researchers at the Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University and the University of Guelph.
The treat in question: the "bully" or "pizzle stick." The American and Canadian researchers analyzed the caloric density and bacterial contamination of these popular items, made from the uncooked, dried penis of a bull or steer. They also administered a survey to pet owners to assess their knowledge of these treats.
The study, published in the January 2013 issue of the Canadian Veterinary Journal, examined 26 bully sticks purchased from retailers in the United States and Canada and made by different manufacturers.
A random subset of the 26 bully sticks was tested for caloric content. These bully sticks tested contained between nine to 22 calories per inch, meaning the average six inch stick packed 88 calories--nine percent of the daily calorie requirements for a 50-pound dog, and 30 percent of the daily calorie requirements for a 10-pound dog.
"While calorie information isn't currently required on pet treats or most pet foods, these findings reinforce that veterinarians and pet owners need to be aware of pet treats like these bully sticks as a source of calories in a dog's diet," said Lisa M. Freeman, DVM, PhD, DACVN, professor of nutrition at TCSVM who is board-certified by the American College of Veterinary Nutrition.
Freeman was first author on the paper. Co-authors were J. Scott Weese, professor in the Department of Pathobiology at the University of Guelph, and Nicol Janecko, a research associate at the Canadian university.
"With obesity in pets on the rise, it is important for pet owners to factor in not only their dog's food, but also treats and table food," Freeman added.
All 26 treats were tested for bacterial contaminants. One (4 percent) of the sticks was contaminated with Clostridium difficile; one (four percent) was contaminated with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a type of staph bacteria that is resistant to certain antibiotics; and seven (27 percent) were contaminated with Escherichia coli, including one tetracycline-resistant sample.
The number of treats sampled was small and not all of these bacterial strains have been shown to infect humans. However, the researchers advise all pet owners to wash their hands after touching such treats, as they would with any raw meat or raw meat diets. The very young, elderly, pregnant, immunocompromised and other high-risk individuals should avoid all contact with raw animal-product based treats and raw meat diets, note the scientists.
To learn more about veterinarian and pet owner perceptions of dog foods and treats, the research team developed a 20-question Web-based survey. The survey was posted online for public participation for 60 days and all responses were anonymous. It was completed by 852 adults from 44 states and six countries. Most respondents were female dog owners.
"We were surprised at the clear misconceptions pet owners and veterinarians have with pet foods and many of the popular raw animal-product based pet treats currently on the market," said Freeman. "For example, 71 percent of people feeding bully sticks to their pets stated they avoid by-products in pet foods, yet bully sticks are, for all intents and purposes, an animal by-product."
Another surprising finding was the large number of people who did not know what bully sticks actually were. A higher proportion of veterinarians (62 percent) were able to correctly identify the source of bully sticks as bull penis compared to general respondents (44 percent). Twenty-three percent of the respondents fed their dogs bully sticks.
Further research with a larger sample size is needed to determine whether the calorie content and contamination rate found in this study is representative of all bully sticks, or other types of pet treats, according to the authors.
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Journal Reference:
Lisa M. Freeman, Nicol Janecko, J. Scott Weese. Nutritional and microbial analysis of bully sticks and survey of opinions about pet treats. Canadian Veterinary Journal, January 2013
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Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
Canon's new mid-range point-and-shoot, the ELPH 330 HS, lets you upload your images almost ? but not quite ? as easily as you would if you'd taken them with your phone. Though a nice zoom and decent low light performance?should make the Canon's pictures be a bit better.
The 330 HS has a 12-megapixel CMOS sensor that will capture images at up to 6400 ISO, which should make difficult lighting situations easy enough to handle. That's 4 fewer megapixels than the previous version, but still more than enough, and the sensitivity is better.?The 3-inch rear LCD isn't particularly high-resolution at 480x320, but it'll suffice.
Its lens is a nice long 10x zoom (better than its predecessor's 5x), with its maximum aperture?going from a decent F/3 at the wide end to a rather slow (but standard for point-and-shoots) F/6.9 at the zoomed end.
Wi-Fi is built in (as it was last year; now it is "advanced" in an unspecified way), but you can't quite upload directly to Facebook or Instagram yet. You pair it with a special Canon app on your phone if you're on the go, or with your PC at home. Take a dozen shots and pick a couple to upload, then on your phone or PC, pick where you want to send them.
Not quite as easy as just opening the camera app and snapping a shot, but that zoom and improved low-light capability may balance things out. The camera should be available in March for $230.
Devin Coldewey is a contributing writer for NBCNews Digital. His personal website is?coldewey.cc.
You probably juggle a phone number or two around in that skull of yours just out of necessity, but there are memorization experts out there who would put you to shame. At this year's World Memory Championships, champion Johannes Mallow memorized a 2,245 digit number and the order of 1144 playing cards each in just an hour. He also memorized a string of 3954 binary digits in 30 minutes, and another competitor soaked up 269 random words in just 15. More »
It's still not all that easy to track down a 2TB portable drive. Thankfully, Toshiba is making that extra-large capacity more ubiquitous by shipping an upgrade to its Canvio line of USB 3.0 disks. Both the no-frills Canvio Basics 3.0 and a Canvio Special Edition with a backup software bundle now carry 2TB inside, up from 1.5TB half a year ago. Not satisfied with just the storage boost? You might be with the price: the 2TB Canvio Basics' $190 starting point is lower than what its WD competition reached when new, and the $220 official price for a Special Edition (we're already seeing $190 at Best Buy) isn't that much of a stretch.
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Toshiba Expands Canvio Basics 3.0 Line And Introduces Canvio Special Edition Portable Hard Drive
Canvio Basics 3.0 Portable Hard Drives Now Offer Up to 2TB of Storage; Canvio Special Edition Portable Hard Drive Now Available
IRVINE, Calif., Jan. 28, 2013 /PRNewswire/ --Toshiba's Digital Products Division (DPD), a division of Toshiba America Information Systems, Inc., today announced the addition of new two terabyte offerings to its Canvio storage lineup, including a 2TB Canvio(R) Basics 3.0 portable hard drive and a 2TB Canvio Special Edition portable hard drive.
"We understand that consumers have varying capacity needs and we strive to provide solutions that match differing requirements," said Maciek Brzeski , vice president of product marketing and development of branded storage products, Toshiba America Information Systems, Inc., Digital Products Division. "Our new 2TB solutions now provide our customers that are looking for basic functionality with an increased storage capacity, as the most basic users are continuing to grow an expansive digital library."
Canvio Basics 3.0: Storage in a Box
Toshiba's simplest storage solution, the Canvio Basics 3.0, is now available in a 2TB capacity, which can store up to 571,000 digital photos, 526,000 digital music files or 1,640 downloaded digital movies. As with the rest of the offerings within the Canvio Basics 3.0 line, software setup is not necessary.
Consumers are able to use this solution right out of the box and begin saving their digital files by simply connecting it to their PC. The Canvio Basics 3.0 supports USB 3.0 for rapid transfer speeds, is backwards compatible with USB 2.0 and is also equipped with a special internal shock sensor and ramp loading technology to keep consumers' digital files safe against accidental drops.
Canvio Special Edition Portable Hard Drive
Toshiba's Canvio Special Edition Portable Hard Drive provides users with spacious storage capacity and a complete, yet simple-to-use backup solution. The included NTI(R) Backup Now EZ[TM] software makes backing up systems fast and simple, and provides users with the option of backing up their digital files to the cloud, backing up their files and folders to their Canvio portable hard drive, backing up everything saved on their PC, or doing all three for the most comprehensive coverage. Pricing and Availability
The 2TB Toshiba Canvio Basics 3.0 portable hard drive is available for purchase for $189.99 MSRP[4] in select retail locations and on ToshibaDirect.com.
The 2TB Toshiba Canvio Special Edition portable hard drive is available for $219.99 MSRP exclusively at Best Buy and BestBuy.com.
TORONTO, ONTARIO (January 28, 2013) ? Fairmont Hotels & Resorts has announced the newest addition to its private residence club offering with the launch of Fairmont Heritage Place, The Palm, Dubai.
Fairmont Heritage Place, The Palm features 10 residences sold in 1/13th fractions. Located within the penthouse levels of the newly opened Fairmont The Palm hotel, the residences range from one-bedroom units averaging 1,550 square feet to two-bedroom units averaging 2,400 square feet. The residences boast expansive windows with wonderful views, adding to the sense of space and relaxation. All bedrooms have large en-suite bathrooms, open concept dining and living areas, and large private terraces running the length of the residences.
Ownership at Fairmont Heritage Place, The Palm means enjoying an exclusive residential enclave within the most prestigious levels of the hotel, the attentive service of its staff and use of the hotel?s exceptional amenities. Guests and residents on the Palm Jumeirah can choose from seven restaurants and lounges in the ?neighborhood? from all-day dining with a dedicated juice bar and chef?s table to pan-Chinese to one of the city?s only authentic Brazilian restaurants, incorporating the Churrasco method of grilling. A large outdoor dining area by the beach also offers a la minute wok tableside cooking for additional authenticity. A cigar and malt lounge provides a respite in the comfort of elegantly chic surroundings, highlighted by a walk-in humidor. Outdoor leisure facilities include a private beach club, an outdoor pool complex and Children?s Activity Centre, as well as a Willow Stream Spa.
Fairmont Heritage Place, The Palm offers owner amenities which include access to airport transfers, valet parking, concierge services, daily housekeeping, 24-hour room service, preferred rates at Willow Stream Spa and priority restaurant reservations, as well as use of an exclusive, well-appointed lobby level Owners? Lounge.
?Not only are we opening a new luxury resort on The Palm, but we are also able to expand our private residence club offering with the debut of this Fairmont Heritage Place in Dubai,? said Jennifer Fox, President, Fairmont Hotels & Resorts. ?Our new homeowners will have a great range of services affiliated with the hotel, as well as unique owner privileges both here and throughout our Fairmont Heritage Place portfolio.?
Flanked by two residential towers and adjacent to a soon-to-be debuted walkway filled with restaurants, upscale boutiques and luxury shops (the Golden Mile), Fairmont The Palm, Dubai is ideally located on the Palm Jumeirah for guests seeking short distance leisure activities, dining and exploration in and around the neighborhood. The hotel is also minutes away from the Dubai Marina, lauded for its cafe style restaurants and al fresco dining alongside the Jumeirah Walk and public beach, and is in close proximity to key business districts, including Dubai Media City, Dubai Internet City and Dubai Knowledge Village. A short distance away is some of the city?s best shopping with the Dubai Mall, featuring over 1,000 shops, an aquarium and underwater zoo, ice rink, and an indoor theme park.
Joe Sita, President of IFA Hotel Investments, responsible for building and asset managing the hotel, said: ?We are really pleased with the final product here, both in terms of the hotel and the private residence club. As the first Fairmont Heritage Place to come to market in the Middle East, we?ve intentionally kept it very exclusive, with only 130 fractions available for purchase. With its remarkable location on the Palm Jumeirah, the superior service and amenities of the hotel and such limited opportunities for purchase, we are certain it will strike the right chord with owners looking for a turnkey holiday home in the GCC.?
For ownership opportunities please visit fairmontheritageplace.com/thepalm.
Fairmont Heritage Place is a leading operator of private residence clubs. Featuring luxury home developments in world-class destinations ranging from San Francisco and Santa Fe in the United States to Acapulco, Mexico and Zimbali, South Africa, Fairmont Heritage Place combines the impressive amenities and attentive service of Fairmont Hotels & Resorts with the luxurious comforts of an elegant private retreat. Fairmont Heritage Place owners, as well as being able to enjoy their own homes, receive extensive ownership benefits including exclusive membership to Fairmont President?s Club, a recognition program designed around members? personal travel passions, including access to many special events and other opportunities. Owners can utilize their allotted time at other Fairmont Heritage Place locations around the world. They also have the unique opportunity to enjoy exchange privileges at Fairmont, Raffles and Swissotel?s worldwide collection of distinctive hotels and resorts and through the extensive portfolio of The Registry Collection(R) program.
About Fairmont Heritage Place: Fairmont Heritage Place, the private residence club division of the global luxury hotel company Fairmont Hotels & Resorts, is a collection of extraordinary residences offering vacation home ownership in some of the world?s most sought after locations. Whether perched 10,000 feet up a mountain, at the base of the ski slopes, a toe?s length from a barefoot stroll along the beach, or part of an urban oasis, Fairmont Heritage Place properties are exquisite in their luxurious decor and design. With uncompromising attention to detail, the finest comforts of home and a true reflection of the local destination, each property offers privileged access to an array of personalized services and amenities ensuring owners and guest feel at home. For additional information please visit fairmontheritageplace.com.
About Fairmont Hotels & Resorts: Fairmont Hotels & Resorts is a celebrated collection of more than 60 luxury properties around the globe, including Shanghai?s Fairmont Peace Hotel, The Plaza in New York, and Makkah Clock Royal Tower in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The luxury brand?s distinctive hotels offer a sense of heritage and sophistication, warm, engaging service and culturally rich experiences. A community and environmental leader, Fairmont is also recognized internationally for its responsible tourism practices and award-winning Green Partnership program. Fairmont is owned by FRHI Holdings Limited, a leading global hotel company with over 100 hotels under the Fairmont, Raffles, and Swissotel brands. The company also manages Fairmont, Raffles and Swissotel branded luxury private residences club, whole-ownership residences and serviced residences properties. For more information or reservations, please call 1-800-441-1414 or visit fairmont.com.
Become a fan of Fairmont. Join our online communities at everyonesanoriginal.com, facebook.com/fairmonthotels, twitter.com/fairmonthotels, and pinterest.com/fairmonthotels/. For career opportunities, visit facebook.com/fairmontcareers.
About IFA Hotels & Resorts: IFA HR is a leader in the development of mixed-use hotel and residential resort projects throughout the Middle East, Europe, Africa, the Indian Ocean, Asia and North America. Listed on the Kuwait Stock Exchange, with a market capitalisation of US$1 billion, and also on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange, IFA Hotels & Resorts? main shareholder is Kuwait based International Financial Advisors (IFA). With a proven track record of delivering integrated resorts through international hotel brands, IFA HR is one of the few global real estate developers that have demonstrated the ability to sell, develop and asset manage the full range of real estate vacation products to an international audience. IFA Hotel Investments is a wholly owned subsidiary of IFA Hotels & Resorts and is responsible for overseeing all of the company?s operational assets. Visit ifahotelsresorts.com and www.ifahi.com .
By Janice WoodAssociate News Editor Reviewed by John M. Grohol, Psy.D. on January 27, 2013
New research has found that qigong, an ancient Chinese mind-body practice, has been found to reduce depression and improve the quality of life in women undergoing radiation for breast cancer.
The study examined qigong in patients receiving radiation therapy and included a follow-up period to assess its benefits over time, according to researchers.
?We were [...] particularly interested to see if qigong would benefit patients experiencing depressive symptoms at the start of treatment,? said Lorenzo Cohen, Ph.D., a professor in the University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center?s Departments of General Oncology and Behavioral Science.
?It is important for cancer patients to manage stress because it can have a profoundly negative effect on biological systems and inflammatory profiles.?
For the study, Cohen and his colleagues recruited 96 women with stage 1-3 breast cancer from Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center in Shanghai, China.
About half of the women ? 49 ? were randomly assigned to a qigong group consisting of five 40-minute classes each week during their five-to-six week course of radiation therapy. The remaining 47 women comprised a control group receiving standard care.
The program incorporated a modified version of Chinese medical qigong, which consisted of synchronizing one?s breath with various exercises, the researchers explained.
Participants in both groups completed assessments at the beginning, middle and end of radiation therapy and then one and three months later. Different aspects of quality of life were measured, including depressive symptoms, fatigue, sleep disturbances, and overall quality of life.
According to the researchers, patients in the qigong group reported a steady decline in depressive symptom scores beginning at the end of radiation therapy, with a mean score of 12.3, through the three month post-radiation follow-up with a score of 9.5. No changes were noted in the control group over time, the study found.
The study also found that qigong was especially helpful for women reporting high baseline depressive symptoms, Cohen said.
?We examined women?s depressive symptoms at the start of the study to see if women with higher levels would benefit more,? he said.
?In fact, women with low levels of depressive symptoms at the start of radiotherapy had good quality of life throughout treatment and three months later regardless of whether they were in the qigong or control group. However, women with high depressive symptoms in the control group reported the worst levels of depressive symptoms, fatigue, and overall quality of life that were significantly improved for the women in the qigong group.?
As the benefits of qigong were largely observed after treatment concluded, researchers suggest qigong may prevent a delayed symptom burden or expedite the recovery process, especially for women with elevated depressive symptoms at the start of radiation therapy. Cohen notes the delayed effect could be explained by the cumulative nature of the treatments, as the benefits often take time to be realized.
According to the researchers, the findings support other previously reported trials examining the benefits of qigong, but are too preliminary to offer clinical recommendations.
They note that additional research is needed to understand the possible biological mechanisms involved and further explore the use of qigong in ethnically diverse populations with different forms of cancer.
The study was published in the journal Cancer.
Source: University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center
APA Reference Wood, J. (2013). Qigong Improves Quality of Life for Breast Cancer Patients. Psych Central. Retrieved on January 28, 2013, from http://psychcentral.com/news/2013/01/27/qigong-improves-quality-of-life-for-breast-cancer-patients/50826.html
After John McCain picked Sarah Palin out of relative obscurity to be his vice presidential running mate, she became a political force of nature. Since then, however, her star has lost its luster within the GOP, and she?s parted ways with Fox News.
By Brad Knickerbocker,?Staff writer / January 26, 2013
Sarah Palin delivers the keynote address to activists from America's political right at the Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) in Washington last February. Palin is out as a Fox News Channel contributor, the network reported Friday.
J. Scott Applewhite/AP
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When the history of US politics in the early 21st century is written, two figures will stand out: Barack Obama and Sarah Palin.
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The election of Mr. Obama to the highest elective office ? the first African-American to win the presidency ? did not necessarily signal a new era of post-racial politics. But coming just a generation after federal troops in the South (and a federal judge in Boston) were necessary to desegregate public schools, it was a huge milestone.
Sarah Palin was not the first woman to win a major political party?s vice presidential nomination; that was US Rep. Geraldine Ferraro, Walter Mondale?s running mate way back in 1984.
But the presence of the former Alaska governor on the GOP ticket headed by Sen. John McCain in 2008 invigorated the party ? at the time, at least. And although they lost to Obama and Joe Biden, it wasn?t the blowout that Mondale and Ferraro suffered against Ronald Reagan and George H. W. Bush.
Ferraro went on to relative political obscurity, twice losing Democratic Party primaries for the US Senate. Ms. Palin, on the other hand, was just getting started when the returns for the 2008 presidential race were being counted.
How well do you know Sarah Palin? A quiz.
Over the next few years, she became a political force of nature ? stirring a tea party base that thronged to her appearances, scaring GOP incumbents deemed too willing to find common ground with Democrats, and building a very lucrative business that included (for one season, at least) her own ?reality? TV show while launching one of her five children ? daughter Bristol ? on her own entertainment career.
Meanwhile, as with some other conservative ex-elected officials like Mike Huckabee, Palin was given a sinecure of sorts as a commentator for Fox News, which built a studio in her home in Wasilla, Alaska, from which she railed against the ?lamestream media? and anything Obama proposed or did as President.
No matter that Mrs. Palin became the butt of liberal jokes, driving left-leaning bloviators nuts, and giving a huge boost to the acting career of Saturday Night Live?s Tina Fey. Her ?Grizzly Mama? persona ? a sharp-edged folksiness with the occasional rhetorical stumble ? attracted at least as many people as it turned off. ?Run, Sarah, Run!? echoed among adoring throngs urging her to run for the White House.
Although not every candidate she endorsed in 2010 won, her record was respectable.
PHOENIX ? Early Saturday morning, Bo Dallas was just another hardworking WWE NXT competitor, fighting for a spot on WWE?s main roster. By late afternoon, he was preparing himself for the 2013 Royal Rumble Match, where he would be tangling with 29 WWE Superstars for an opportunity to challenge for a World Title on The Grandest Stage of Them All at WrestleMania 29.
How did Dallas? fortunes change so dramatically in just a few short hours? Give credit to perseverance and good fortune. The resilient kid from Brooksville, Fla., won an eight-man tournament held during the Royal Rumble Fan Fest to earn a coveted spot in WWE?s classic over-the-top-rope melee. (PHOTOS)
?This doesn?t even feel like real life,? Dallas told WWE.com only moments after his victory. ?I?m hovering above myself and watching this happen. An unreal experience, man.?
Starting out on an unseasonably rainy day in Phoenix, Dallas tested his resolve in three grueling matches over the course of four hours. In the third-generation competitor's way stood big Luke Harper, the unpredictable Conor O?Brian and the devious Leo Kruger ? three of WWE NXT?s most highly touted prospects. (MORE ON NXT?S TOP TALENT) By the time he scored the final pinfall on Kruger, it was clear that the battered Dallas had given everything he had in him to become the first WWE NXT Superstar to qualify for the Royal Rumble Match.
?To be in the history books for anything is amazing,? the dynamo admitted. ?But being the first NXT Superstar to be in the Royal Rumble Match? I don?t know if I?m allowed to say this, but that?s badass!?
Now headed into one of the most pivotal bouts of the year, Dallas no doubt realizes that this rare opportunity could turn him into a sports-entertainment phenomenon overnight. While the Royal Rumble Match has traditionally been won by established Superstars like ?Stone Cold? Steve Austin, John Cena and Shawn Michaels, the chaotic, fly-by-the-seat-of-your-pants atmosphere of the brawl presents the perfect opportunity for a competitor like the 225-pound youngster to shock the world.
?I?m always the underdog,? he said. ?I never let that get me down. I take the punches, but if there?s one thing I believe, it?s??always get up.? And that?s how I live life.?
Dallas has already made history by becoming the first WWE NXT Superstar to grab a spot in the Royal Rumble Match, but can he do it again by becoming the first WWE NXT Superstar to headline WrestleMania? The WWE Universe will find out Sunday night when 30 Superstars battle for an opportunity at sports-entertainment's richest prize at Royal Rumble.
NEW YORK (Reuters) - The Standard & Poor's 500 index closed above 1,500 for the first time in more than five years on Friday as strong earnings reports, including Procter & Gamble's, helped the benchmark extend its rally to eight days.
The winning streak is the longest in eight years and left the S&P 500 about 4.1 percent away from its all-time closing high of 1,565.15 on October 9, 2007.
The equity market's strong start this year has been attributed to solid corporate results, an agreement in Washington to extend the government's borrowing power, encouraging signs from the global economy and seasonal inflows into stocks.
Procter & Gamble shares led the Dow and S&P higher with a 4 percent gain to $73.25 after the world's top household products maker's quarterly profit soared past expectations. The company also raised its sales and earnings outlook for the fiscal year.
Sales of new U.S. single-family homes fell in December but rose in 2012 to the highest level since 2009, a sign the U.S. housing market turned a corner last year.
"Economic data in the U.S. has been trending higher, albeit modestly. Things are incrementally better," said Quincy Krosby, market strategist at Prudential Financial in Newark, New Jersey.
The Dow Jones industrial average <.dji> rose 70.65 points or 0.51 percent, to close at 13,895.98. The S&P 500 <.spx> gained 8.14 points or 0.54 percent, to 1,502.96. The Nasdaq Composite <.ixic> added 19.33 points or 0.62 percent, to end at 3,149.71.
The S&P 500 closed at its highest since December 10, 2007, and the Dow ended at its highest since October 31, 2007.
Apple shares dropped 2.4 percent to $439.88, and the iPhone maker lost its coveted title as the largest U.S. company by market capitalization to Exxon Mobil Corp .
Apple's market cap fell to $413 billion, down roughly $250 billion from its September peak. Apple's fall is about equal to the entire value of Google Inc .
"The market was able to move forward despite deterioration in Apple and that's also a positive," Prudential Financial's Krosby said.
There was heavy volume in Apple shares as it hit its session low shortly before the closing bell. The stock dropped by as much as $7, to $435 from $442, within the span of one second during the last minute of trading.
More than 50 orders were executed on NYSE Arca at $435 a share, according to Thomson Reuters time-and-sales data, in blocks as small as 100 shares and as large as 10,494 shares.
Adding to the overall bullish tone in the market, German business morale improved for a third consecutive month in January to its highest in more than six months. In addition, European banks said they will repay the European Central Bank much more than expected of the loans the bank gave them during the crisis.
"Good news in credit markets helps set the stage for (more investment in) riskier assets," Krosby said.
For the week, the Dow rose 1.8 percent, the S&P 500 gained 1.1 percent and the Nasdaq added 0.5 percent. It was the fourth straight week of gains for all three indexes.
Helping to lift the Nasdaq on Friday, Starbucks rose 4.1 percent to $56.81 after the coffee retailer reported stronger-than-expected sales in the United States and Asia. {ID:nL1N0ATH04]
Netflix added 15.5 percent to $169.56, following its massive 42.2 percent jump on Thursday after the company announced a surprising jump in subscribers to its video streaming service.
Thomson Reuters data through Friday showed that of the 147 S&P 500 companies that have reported earnings so far, 68 percent exceeded expectations. Since 1994, 62 percent of companies have topped expectations, while the average over the past four quarters stands at 65 percent.
Halliburton Co shares jumped 5.1 percent to $39.72 after the world's second-largest oilfield services company reported higher-than-expected earnings and sales for the fourth quarter.
About 6.4 billion shares changed hands on the New York Stock Exchange, the Nasdaq and NYSE MKT, below the daily average during January 2012 of about 6.93 billion shares.
On the NYSE, more than three issues rose for every two that fell. On the Nasdaq, five stocks advanced for every four that declined.
(Reporting by Rodrigo Campos; Editing by Kenneth Barry and Jan Paschal)
BEIJING (Reuters) - China's economy could grow at more than 8 percent in 2013, giving some underpinning to global economic activity that is set for a mild, tortuous recovery this year, the head of China's sovereign wealth fund said on Saturday.
"China's economic growth could be over 8 percent this year. China's economy supports a very large part of global demand," Lou Jiwei, chairman of the China Investment Corp. (CIC) , told a forum.
China's economy expanded an annual rate of 7.9 percent in the fourth quarter of 2012, snapping seven consecutive quarters of weaker growth, as a raft of pro-growth policies kicked in.
The Q4 bounce helped lift full year growth in the world's second biggest economy to 7.8 percent which, though China's slowest pace for 13 years, generated roughly a third of global economic growth of 3.2 percent - itself the worst since the 2009 financial crisis and just barely above the 3 percent mark economists say signals a worldwide recession.
Lou said that even if China's growth did accelerate further in 2013, increased financial market volatility caused by Europe's debt crisis and concerns about the U.S. fiscal position, left the world economy set for a "mild, tortuous and slow recovery" at best.
Problems in debt-constrained countries, though, meant opportunities for cash-rich China, Lou said, adding that the government should encourage local firms to step up their efforts to expand and invest abroad.
"There are big opportunities for countries with cash on their hands, especially for China. We should grasp the opportunities and give firms more freedom in investing overseas," he said.
China has accumulated the world's biggest store for foreign reserves, some $3.31 trillion as at the end of 2012, generated largely as a function of capital controls that have forced Chinese exporters to sell foreign currency to the central bank.
Easing capital controls to let firms more readily use export earnings to buy overseas assets would please many executives who say strict rules and a lengthy approval process for outbound investments are big impediments to doing cross-border deals.
Despite the difficulties, Chinese non-financial outbound foreign direct investment hit a record $14.7 billion in December, taking the 2012 total to $77.2 billion from 2011's $60.1 billion, Commerce Ministry data shows.
Beijing targets a total of $560 billion in outbound foreign direct investment in the five years to end 2015.
REFORMS NEED POLITICAL COURAGE
Zeng Peiyan, a former vice-premier, told the same forum that China's leaders must have "political courage" to quicken economic reforms to help sustain long-term growth.
Zeng, now chairman of top Beijing think-tank the China Centre for International Economic Exchanges (CCIEE), said the Chinese economy was "shifting gear" and clearly decelerating from the double-digit average growth rates of the past three decades to 7-8 percent in the foreseeable future.
Chen Xiwen, deputy director of the office of the Central Financial Work Leading Group, a powerful body that charts key government economic policies, said China's growth strategy should focus on improving urbanization in its next stage of development.
Chen, who also heads the ruling Communist Party's office on rural policy, said China's actual urbanization rate is around 35 percent - lower than the official rate of 51 percent.
"In other words there are some 200 million (rural) people who have entered cities, but have not yet become urban residents. This is a big problem that we need to deal with in the future urbanization process," he said.
China's rigid household registration, or hukou, rules are seen by many analysts as China's most pressing reform item as a change there would address inequality and boost domestic demand, rebalancing the core growth drivers of the economy.
The millions of migrant workers who have entered cities from the 250 million-strong rural workforce are denied access to services like health and education, forcing them to save hard and constraining spending that would boost domestic consumption.
Spreading the benefit of China's ascent to its position as a global economic powerhouse is widely seen as the best way of quelling the risk of popular revolt and officials have pledged to gradually loosen hukou controls.
A newly recalibrated official index this month indicated China's gap between rich and poor was so wide that serious social dissatisfaction may be brewing.
(Reporting by Kevin Yao; Editing by Nick Edwards and Ron Popeski)
Jan 24 (Reuters) - Notre Dame football player Manti Te'o said he was the victim of an elaborate online hoax and denied in an interview broadcast on Thursday having had any part in the construction of the dramatic story of his dying girlfriend.
"No, I did not," Te'o said in the interview with Katie Couric broadcast on the daytime talk show "Katie." "I think what people don't realize is that the same day that everybody else found out about this situation, I found out."
The reported deaths of Te'o's grandmother and purported girlfriend, both on Sept. 12, and his response to the tragedies, were often repeated stories during Notre Dame's bid for a national championship last season. His grandmother did die that day.
Te'o, who was a finalist for college football's highest individual honor for helping drive Notre Dame to an undefeated regular season, admitted he maintained the public deception after he learned the truth that she had never existed, but he did not do so for personal gain.
Couric asked Te'o to respond to several theories people have raised since the hoax was revealed, including that he might be gay and created the relationship to hide his sexual orientation.
"No, far from it," Te'o said when asked by Couric if he were gay. "Far from that."
Te'o sat with his hands often clasped and responded in a soft tone to Couric's questions, telling her he did not know if the Lennay Kekua story had supported his Heisman trophy candidacy.
It was his first on-camera interview since sports blog Deadspin.com broke the story on Jan. 16 that Kekua did not exist. Couric also interviewed his parents, Brian and Ottilia Te'o, who defended their son.
Notre Dame, one of the most powerful institutions in U.S. collegiate athletics, held a news conference within hours of the Deadspin.com story to say that Te'o had been duped.
Te'o had told sports network ESPN in an off-camera interview on Friday that an acquaintance, Ronaiah Tuiasosopo, had told him he was behind the hoax.
CONFESSED HOAX
Te'o said in the interview with Couric that Tuiasosopo, who he had spoken to twice before and had believed was Kekua's cousin, confessed the hoax to him on Jan. 16.
Te'o said he received a telephone call from the person claiming to be Kekua on Dec. 6 - two days before the Heisman presentation - and he wasn't really certain she never existed until Tuiasosopo's confession to him.
"My whole reality was she was dead, and now all of the sudden she's alive. At that time I didn't know that it was just somebody's prank."
He went along with the Kekua story the day of the Heisman presentation, though he knew at a minimum that she was alive, and did not tell his parents until Christmas, he said.
"Part of me was saying that if you say she is alive what would everybody think? What are you going to tell everybody who follows you, who you inspire? What are you going to say? At that time, on Dec. 8, two days after I just found out she was alive, as a 21-year-old, I wasn't ready for that."
Te'o said he "wasn't forthcoming" about the extent of his relationship with Kekua, that they had never met in person, but reporters did not ask him directly if they had met in person.
He said he was most sorry for having told his father he had seen Kekua in person when he was in Hawaii, a story that his father repeated to media when asked.
When asked why he wouldn't simply want a girlfriend he could spend time with on campus, Te'o said he was drawn to Kekua because her background appeared similar to his own.
"What I went through was real," Te'o said. "The feelings, the pain, the sorrow, that was all real. That is something I can't fake."
Te'o said he did not know how the hoax would affect his position in the National Football League draft.
"As far as my draft status, I hope and pray that good happens obviously, but as long as my family is OK, I can live with whatever happens," he said. (Reporting by David Bailey; Editing by Cynthia Johnston and Tim Dobbyn)
Johnson will concentrate his practice in the areas of entertainment and sports for the Miami, Florida based full-service itnernational law firm.
Miami, Florida (PRWEB) January 24, 2013
Diaz, Reus & Targ, LLP, has hired Associate Attorney Ahmand Johnson, announces Global Managing Partner Michael Diaz, Jr. Diaz, Reus & Targ, LLP is a full-service international law firm focusing on trade, customs, financial, commercial and corporate transactions, sports and entertainment, tax, immigration, business and corporate litigation, and arbitration matters.
Johnson focuses his practice in the areas of entertainment and sports. Prior to joining Diaz, Reus & Targ, he worked with a major Florida law firm handling business litigation, intellectual property and sports and entertainment matters. He gained significant entertainment industry experience at a Los Angeles-based entertainment law firm while attending UCLA School of Law. A National Football League Player Association (NFLPA) Certified Contract Advisor, Johnson co-founded a professional sports management company while in law school.
Johnson?s lecture for the Florida Bar Entertainment, Arts and Sports Section entitled ?Attorneys vs. Agents in the Representation of Professional Athletes? is featured as a Continuing Legal Education course. He received the 2009 Young Lawyer Award from the Broward County Legal Aid Service for his pro-bono work in collecting a record judgment on behalf of the organization. Johnson, a varsity football and track and field athlete at Brown University, was a member of 1999 Ivy League Football Championship team.
About Diaz Reus & Targ, LLP
Diaz Reus & Targ, LLP represents dealmakers around the world with a focus on emerging markets. With experienced lawyers in the U. S., Latin America, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East, the firm is uniquely suited to handle a wide range of complex commercial, business, and financial transactions across international borders. Diaz Reus lawyers have experience in government relations, trade, compliance, customs, tax, and immigration, as well as internal and government investigations, complex litigation, and arbitration matters. Diaz Reus operates offices in Miami, Florida; Caracas, Venezuela; Shanghai, China; Dubai, U.A.E.; Iraq; Frankfurt, Germany; Bogota, Colombia; Panama, Republic of Panama; Mexico City, Mexico; Buenos Aires, Argentina; Santiago, Chile; and an affiliate office in Sao Paulo, Brazil. For more information, visit http://www.diazreus.com or http://www.jdsupra.com/profile/diazreus.
BAY PROBY PROBY & ASSOCIATES (305) 251-3671 Email Information
Most Americans know of Oskar Schindler, the German businessman who saved more than 1,200 lives during the Holocaust by hiring Jews to work in his factories and fought Nazi efforts to remove them.
But fewer know about Chiune Sugihara, the Japanese diplomat who disobeyed his government's orders and issued visas that allowed 6,000 Jews to escape from Nazi-occupied territories via Japan.
On Sunday, as Holocaust survivors and descendants of survivors observe International Holocaust Remembrance Day, a growing and widespread community of Jews -- linked by their gratitude toward Sugihara for saving them or family members -- remembers a man once forgotten.
"Without him, many of the most accomplished minds of our world would not exist today. His legacy produced doctors, bankers, lawyers, authors, politicians, even the first Orthodox Jewish Rhodes Scholar," said Richard Salomon, a board member of the Illinois Holocaust Museum and Education Center. The museum holds artifacts from Sugihara as part of its permanent collection, and will honor him on Sunday along with others who saved Jews during the Holocaust.
Salomon's father, Bernard, received the 299th visa issued by Sugihara, who in 1940 became the Japanese consul general to Lithuania, an area where Polish Jewish refugees had relocated during World War II. As Nazis threatened to invade Lithuania, thousands of Jews surrounded the Japanese consulate and asked for visas to escape. Disobeying his bosses in Japan, Sugihara issued thousands. From July 31 to Aug. 28, 1940, Sugihara and his wife stayed up all night, writing visas.
The Japanese government closed the consulate, located in Kovno. But even as Sugihara's train was about to leave the city, he kept writing visas from his open window. When the train began moving, he gave the visa stamp to a refugee to continue the job.
The refugees typically followed a route that took them via train to Moscow, then via the trans-Siberian railroad to Vladivostok and on to Kobe, Japan. Most stayed in Kobe for a few months, then went to Shanghai, China, and elsewhere. Salomon's father went from Shanghai to India and eventually settled in the U.S, where he met his wife Marian in Chicago.
Meanwhile, Sugihara was transferred to Prague, where he worked in 1941 and 1942, and then to Bucharest, where he worked from 1942 to 1944. When the Soviets invaded Romania, he and his family were taken to a prison camp for 18 months. They returned to Japan in 1946, and a year later, the foreign office told him to resign. Years later, his wife, Yukiko Sugihara, who died in 2008, speculated the forced resignation was because of the unauthorized visas.
Chiune Sugihara, who worked odd jobs after returning to Japan and later was employed by a trading company in Russia, worked in obscurity and never spoke of the visas. He never knew if anything came of them and survivors had no luck finding him. But in 1968, a survivor who had become an Israeli diplomat, Joshua Nishri, finally made contact. In 1985, a year before his death in Tokyo, Israel named Sugihara "Righteous Among the Nations," a title given to non-Jews who risked their lives to save Jews during the Holocaust.
"There are so many people living today because he took the time and made the effort. It was not easy and it was not a matter of sitting down and saying, 'Here, I'll write you this,'" said Anne Akabori, an author who translated "Visas for Life," Yukiko Sugihara's memoir, and wrote "The Gift of Life," an account of Chiune Sugihara's life.
"And it's been so important for the Japanese people to know there was a person who did whatever he could to lessen the Japanese involvement in the war. He was always for peace," said Akabori, who was friends with the Sugiharas' son, Hiroki Sugihara, who died in 2001, and chairs the Visas for Life Foundation. The organization's mission is to "perpetuate the legacy" of Chiune Sugihara and connect "Sugihara survivors" and their descendents.
The group has documented 2,139 Sugihara visas (many were for entire families). It's unknown exactly how many people can trace their ancestry to a Sugihara survivor, though Akabori's organization estimated it to be more than 100,000. More conservatively, the Simon Wiesenthal Center has estimated that 40,000 people are alive today because of the Sugiharas.
Salomon's son, Mark Salomon, a 23-year-old law student at New York University, said knowing that his family would not have existed without Sugihara has ingrained a lifelong lesson in him about the "power of an individual."
"Most people have this idea that you can't really help the whole world, so what's the point?" said Mark Salomon. But Sugihara showed that "whatever you are doing with yourself, you are having a much broader impact. Sometimes it's hard to see the forest through the trees, but it's important in every aspect of your life to remember you are having an effect and to make it a positive effect."
Bernard S. Salomon
Chiune Sugihara issued his 299th visa to Bernard S. Salomon, the father of Richard Salomon and grandfather of Mark Salomon.
Sugihara Survivors in India
Bernard Salomon (back row, far left), his brother Abraham Salomon (also a Sugihara Survivor; back row, far right) and other recipients of visas from Chiune Sugihara when they arrived in Kobe, Japan in late 1940.
Sugihara Survivors in India
Sugihara Survivors in India (Bernard Salomon is in the center) in 1942.
Sugihara Survivors in India
Sugihara Survivors in Calcutta, India (circa 1942). Bernard Salomon is on the far left in the first row.
Bernard and Marian Salomon
Bernard Salomon, a Sugihara Survivor, and his wife Marian Salomon (circa 1948).
Salomon family
Left to right: Richard Salomon, Jacquie Salomon, daughter Evie Salomon and son Mark Salomon.
Copy of Original List of Visas Granted By Chiune Sugihara by
HIV-like viruses in non-human primates have existed much longer than previously thoughtPublic release date: 24-Jan-2013 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Gina Alvino galvino@plos.org Public Library of Science
Viruses similar to those that cause AIDS in humans were present in non-human primates in Africa at least 5 million years ago and perhaps up to 12 million years ago, according to study published January 24 in the Open Access journal PLOS Pathogens by scientists at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. Until now, researchers have hypothesized that such viruses originated much more recently.
HIV-1, the virus responsible for AIDS, infiltrated the human population in the early 20th century following multiple transmissions of a similar chimpanzee virus known as SIVcpz. Previous work to determine the age of HIV-like viruses, called lentiviruses, by comparing their genetic blueprints has calculated their origin to be tens of thousands of years ago.
However, other researchers have suspected this time frame to be much too recent. Michael Emerman, Ph.D., a virologist and member of the Human Biology Division at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, and Alex Compton, a graduate student in the Emerman Lab, describe the use of a technique to estimate the extent to which primates and lentiviruses have coexisted by tracking the changes in a host immunity gene called APOBEC3G that were induced by ancient viral challenges.
They report that this host immunity factor is evolving in tandem with a viral gene that defends the virus against APOBEC3G, which allowed them to determine the minimum age for the association between primates and lentiviruses to be around 5 or 6 million years ago, and possibly up to 12 million years ago.
These findings suggest that HIV-like infections in primates are much older than previously thought, and they have driven selective changes in antiviral genes that have incited an evolutionary arms race that continues to this day. The study also confirms that viruses similar to HIV that are present in various monkey species today are the descendants of ancient pathogens in primates that have shaped how the immune system fights infections.
"More than 40 non-human primate species in sub-Saharan Africa are infected with strains of HIV-related viruses," Emerman said. "Since some of these viruses may have the potential to infect humans as well, it is important to know their origins."
###
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: This work was supported by R01 A130937 (to ME) and an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship and NIH Training Grant in Viral Pathogenesis T32AI083203 (to AAC). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
PLEASE ADD THIS LINK TO THE PUBLISHED ARTICLE IN ONLINE VERSIONS OF YOUR REPORT:
http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003135
(link will go live upon embargo lift)
CITATION: Compton AA, Emerman M (2013) Convergence and Divergence in the Evolution of the APOBEC3G-Vif Interaction Reveal Ancient Origins of Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses. PLoS Pathog 9(1): e1003135. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003135
Institutional Contact:
Kristen Lidke Woodward
(206) 667-5095
kwoodwar@fhcrc.org
Disclaimer
This press release refers to an upcoming article in PLOS Pathogens. The release is provided by the article authors. Any opinions expressed in these releases or articles are the personal views of the journal staff and/or article contributors, and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of PLOS. PLOS expressly disclaims any and all warranties and liability in connection with the information found in the releases and articles and your use of such information.
Media Permissions
PLOS Journals publish under a Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits free reuse of all materials published with the article, so long as the work is cited (e.g., Kaltenbach LS et al. (2007) Huntingtin Interacting Proteins Are Genetic Modifiers of Neurodegeneration. PLoS Genet 3(5): e82. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0030082). No prior permission is required from the authors or publisher. For queries about the license, please contact the relative journal contact indicated here: http://www.plos.org/about/media-inquiries/.
About PLOS Pathogens
PLOS Pathogens publishes outstanding original articles that significantly advance the understanding of pathogens and how they interact with their host organisms. All works published in PLOS Pathogens are open access. Everything is immediately available subject only to the condition that the original authorship and source are properly attributed. Copyright is retained by the authors. The Public Library of Science uses the Creative Commons Attribution License.
About the Public Library of Science
The Public Library of Science (PLOS) is a non-profit organization of scientists and physicians committed to making the world's scientific and medical literature a freely available public resource. For more information, visit http://www.plos.org.
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
HIV-like viruses in non-human primates have existed much longer than previously thoughtPublic release date: 24-Jan-2013 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Gina Alvino galvino@plos.org Public Library of Science
Viruses similar to those that cause AIDS in humans were present in non-human primates in Africa at least 5 million years ago and perhaps up to 12 million years ago, according to study published January 24 in the Open Access journal PLOS Pathogens by scientists at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. Until now, researchers have hypothesized that such viruses originated much more recently.
HIV-1, the virus responsible for AIDS, infiltrated the human population in the early 20th century following multiple transmissions of a similar chimpanzee virus known as SIVcpz. Previous work to determine the age of HIV-like viruses, called lentiviruses, by comparing their genetic blueprints has calculated their origin to be tens of thousands of years ago.
However, other researchers have suspected this time frame to be much too recent. Michael Emerman, Ph.D., a virologist and member of the Human Biology Division at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, and Alex Compton, a graduate student in the Emerman Lab, describe the use of a technique to estimate the extent to which primates and lentiviruses have coexisted by tracking the changes in a host immunity gene called APOBEC3G that were induced by ancient viral challenges.
They report that this host immunity factor is evolving in tandem with a viral gene that defends the virus against APOBEC3G, which allowed them to determine the minimum age for the association between primates and lentiviruses to be around 5 or 6 million years ago, and possibly up to 12 million years ago.
These findings suggest that HIV-like infections in primates are much older than previously thought, and they have driven selective changes in antiviral genes that have incited an evolutionary arms race that continues to this day. The study also confirms that viruses similar to HIV that are present in various monkey species today are the descendants of ancient pathogens in primates that have shaped how the immune system fights infections.
"More than 40 non-human primate species in sub-Saharan Africa are infected with strains of HIV-related viruses," Emerman said. "Since some of these viruses may have the potential to infect humans as well, it is important to know their origins."
###
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: This work was supported by R01 A130937 (to ME) and an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship and NIH Training Grant in Viral Pathogenesis T32AI083203 (to AAC). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
COMPETING INTERESTS: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
PLEASE ADD THIS LINK TO THE PUBLISHED ARTICLE IN ONLINE VERSIONS OF YOUR REPORT:
http://dx.plos.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003135
(link will go live upon embargo lift)
CITATION: Compton AA, Emerman M (2013) Convergence and Divergence in the Evolution of the APOBEC3G-Vif Interaction Reveal Ancient Origins of Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses. PLoS Pathog 9(1): e1003135. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003135
Institutional Contact:
Kristen Lidke Woodward
(206) 667-5095
kwoodwar@fhcrc.org
Disclaimer
This press release refers to an upcoming article in PLOS Pathogens. The release is provided by the article authors. Any opinions expressed in these releases or articles are the personal views of the journal staff and/or article contributors, and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of PLOS. PLOS expressly disclaims any and all warranties and liability in connection with the information found in the releases and articles and your use of such information.
Media Permissions
PLOS Journals publish under a Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits free reuse of all materials published with the article, so long as the work is cited (e.g., Kaltenbach LS et al. (2007) Huntingtin Interacting Proteins Are Genetic Modifiers of Neurodegeneration. PLoS Genet 3(5): e82. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0030082). No prior permission is required from the authors or publisher. For queries about the license, please contact the relative journal contact indicated here: http://www.plos.org/about/media-inquiries/.
About PLOS Pathogens
PLOS Pathogens publishes outstanding original articles that significantly advance the understanding of pathogens and how they interact with their host organisms. All works published in PLOS Pathogens are open access. Everything is immediately available subject only to the condition that the original authorship and source are properly attributed. Copyright is retained by the authors. The Public Library of Science uses the Creative Commons Attribution License.
About the Public Library of Science
The Public Library of Science (PLOS) is a non-profit organization of scientists and physicians committed to making the world's scientific and medical literature a freely available public resource. For more information, visit http://www.plos.org.
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.